Free standard delivery when you spend £75 on plants | T&Cs apply

Shop

Information & Help

My account

crocus
Wish-list My wheelbarrow

Search for "bare root"

By type
Facing
How much sun
Soil type
Special conditions
Flowering month
Flower colour
Evergreen / deciduous
Attractive to wildlife
Quick growing
Eventual size
Special features
Bulb planting time
Multibuy packs
Ready made borders
Planting combinations
Hardy
Leaf colour
Ground cover
Shape
Soil moisture
Used at Chelsea
Sort by name
All items
Showing Fragrance : All scented flowers Position : Next to an entrance clear all
111 items
Award-winning paeonia collection
Award-winning Paeonia collection
£19.95 - £39.90
1 × collection | 2 bare roots available to order from autumn
2 + 1 FREE collections | 6 bare roots available to order from autumn
Chimonanthus praecox
Chimonanthus praecox
£29.99 - £89.99
12 litre pot | 80 - 100cm tall In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
2 litre pot available to order from autumn
3 × 2 litre pots available to order from autumn
0.5 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 4.4 5 5
Clematis cirrhosa Ourika Valley
Clematis cirrhosa 'Ourika Valley'
£17.99 - £35.98
9cm pot | 30cm cane available to order from autumn
3 litre pot | 60cm cane available to order from autumn
2 + 1 FREE 9cm pots available to order from autumn
Convallaria majalis
Convallaria majalis
£3.99 - £44.99
9cm pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
2 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
3 × 9cm pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
3 × 2 litre pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 × bare root plant available to order from autumn
2 + 3 FREE bare root plants available to order from autumn
0 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 4.1 5 22
Convallaria majalis Prolificans
Convallaria majalis 'Prolificans'
£7.99 - £15.98
1 × bare root plant available to order from autumn
2 + 1 FREE bare root plants available to order from autumn
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 5.0 5 1
Convallaria majalis var. rosea
Convallaria majalis var. rosea
£4.99 - £12.00
1 × bare root plant available to order from autumn
3 × bare root plants available to order from autumn
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 5.0 5 2
Lavandula angustifolia Hidcote
Lavandula angustifolia 'Hidcote'
£7.99 - £49.95
9cm pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
2 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
3 × 9cm pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
3 × 2 litre pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
9 × 9cm pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
5 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
5 × 2 litre pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0.25 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 4.4 5 58
Convallaria collection
Lily of the valley collection
£16.95 - £33.90
1 × collection | 3 bare roots available to order from autumn
2 + 1 FREE collections | 9 bare roots available to order from autumn
Paeonia Cora Louise

New

20% off

Paeonia 'Cora Louise'
£35.99 - £51.99
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
2 × 4 litre pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Paeonia Pink Hawaiian Coral
Paeonia 'Pink Hawaiian Coral'
£23.99 - £47.98
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
2 + 1 FREE 4 litre pots available to order from autumn
Paeonia Evie Jane ('Smithopus7') (Garden Candy) (PBR)

New

Paeonia Evie Jane ('Smithopus7') (Garden Candy Series)
£49.99 £39.99
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Paeonia lactiflora Bowl of Cream

20% off

Paeonia lactiflora 'Bowl of Cream'
£14.99 - £66.00
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
3 × 4 litre pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 × bare root plant available to order from autumn
3 × bare root plants available to order from autumn
Paeonia lactiflora Doctor Alexander Fleming
Paeonia lactiflora 'Doctor Alexander Fleming'
£8.99 - £47.98
1 × bare root plant available to order from autumn
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
3 × bare root plants available to order from autumn
2 + 1 FREE 4 litre pots available to order from autumn
Paeonia lactiflora Duchesse de Nemours
Paeonia lactiflora 'Duchesse de Nemours'
£8.99 - £23.99
1 × bare root plant available to order from autumn
3 × bare root plants available to order from autumn
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
0.5 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 4.6 5 10
Paeonia lactiflora Festiva Maxima
Paeonia lactiflora 'Festiva Maxima'
£29.99 £23.99
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
0.75 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 4.9 5 14
Paeonia lactiflora Kansas
Paeonia lactiflora 'Kansas'
£8.99 - £25.00
1 × bare root plant available to order from winter
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
3 × bare root plants available to order from winter
Paeonia lactiflora London (Patio Peony Series)
Paeonia lactiflora 'London' (Patio Peony Series)
£14.99 - £39.99
1 × bare root plant available to order from winter
3 × bare root plants available to order from winter
Paeonia lactiflora Madrid (Patio Peony Series)
Paeonia lactiflora 'Madrid' (Patio Peony Series)
£14.99 - £39.99
1 × bare root plant available to order from autumn
3 × bare root plants available to order from autumn
Paeonia lactiflora Miss America

20% off

Paeonia lactiflora 'Miss America'
£23.99 - £47.98
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
2 + 1 FREE 4 litre pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Paeonia lactiflora Mother's Choice
Paeonia lactiflora 'Mother's Choice'
£23.99 - £55.99
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
3 × 4 litre pots available to order from autumn
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 5.0 5 3
Paeonia lactiflora Rome (Patio Peony Series)
Paeonia lactiflora 'Rome' (Patio Peony Series)
£14.99 - £39.99
1 × bare root plant available to order from winter
3 × bare root plants available to order from winter
Paeonia lactiflora Sarah Bernhardt
Paeonia lactiflora 'Sarah Bernhardt'
£7.99 - £23.99
1 × bare root plant available to order from autumn
2 + 1 FREE bare root plants available to order from autumn
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
0.5 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Paeonia lactiflora Sorbet
Paeonia lactiflora 'Sorbet'
£9.99 - £28.00
1 × bare root plant available to order from winter
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
3 × bare root plants available to order from winter
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Paeonia lactiflora Red Sarah Bernhardt
Paeonia lactiflora Red Sarah Bernhardt
£10.99 - £29.99
1 × bare root plant available to order from autumn
3 × bare root plants available to order from autumn
Paeonia × suffruticosa Ling Hua Zhan

New

Paeonia × suffruticosa 'Ling Hua Zhan'
£59.99 - £113.99
5 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
2 + 1 FREE 5 litre pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Paeonia × suffruticosa Rou Fu Rong

New

Paeonia × suffruticosa 'Rou Fu Rong'
£59.99 - £113.99
5 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
2 + 1 FREE 5 litre pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Paeonia × suffruticosa Ying Hong Qiao Dui

New

Paeonia × suffruticosa 'Ying Hong Qiao' Dui
£59.99 - £113.99
5 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
2 + 1 FREE 5 litre pots In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Climbing Cécile Brünner

40% off

Rosa 'Climbing Cécile Brünner' | Climbing Rose
£37.99 £22.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Climbing Étoile de Hollande
Rosa 'Climbing Étoile de Hollande' | Climbing Hybrid Tea Rose
£37.99 £22.79
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
0.75 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Comte de Chambord

40% off

Rosa 'Comte de Chambord' (Madame Boll) | Portland Bush Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Madame Isaac Péreire

40% off

Rosa 'Madame Isaac Péreire' | Bourbon Bush Rose
£43.99 £26.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa A Whiter Shade of Pale ('Peafanfare') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa A Whiter Shade of Pale ('Peafanfare') (PBR) | Hybrid Tea Bush Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Admiral ('Tan08996') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Admiral ('Tan08996') (PBR) | Hybrid Tea Bush Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Albertine

40% off

Rosa Albertine | Rambling Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Arthur Bell

40% off

Rosa Arthur Bell | Floribunda Bush Rose
£26.99 £16.19
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Blue for You ('Pejamblu') (PBR)
Rosa Blue for You ('Pejamblu') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Boule de Neige

40% off

Rosa Boule de Neige | Bourbon Bush Rose
£43.99 £26.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0.25 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Burgundy Ice ('Prose') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Burgundy Ice ('Prose') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0.25 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa canina
Rosa canina
£59.99 - £113.99
25 × bare root plants | 40 - 60cm tall available to order from autumn
50 + 25 FREE bare root | 40 - 60cm tall available to order from autumn
Rosa Cardinal de Richelieu
Rosa Cardinal de Richelieu | Gallica Bush Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
0 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Champagne Moment ('Korvanaber') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Champagne Moment ('Korvanaber') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Charles de Mills

40% off

Rosa Charles de Mills | Gallica Bush Rose
£43.99 £26.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Compassion
Rosa Compassion | Climbing Hybrid Tea Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Constance Spry
Rosa Constance Spry | Climbing / Shrub Rose
£39.99 £23.99
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Eyes for You ('Pejbigeye') (PBR)
Rosa Eyes For You ('Pejbigeye') (PBR) | Floribunda Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Ferdinand Pichard

40% off

Rosa Ferdinand Pichard | Hybrid Perpetual Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Flower Power ('Frycassia') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Flower Power ('Frycassia') (PBR) | Patio Rose
£89.99 £48.00
7.5 litre pot | standard In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa For Your Eyes Only ('Cheweyesup') (PBR)
Rosa For Your Eyes Only ('Cheweyesup') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
0.75 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa François Juranville

40% off

Rosa François Juranville | Rambler Rose
£37.99 £22.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa gallica var. officinalis
Rosa gallica var. officinalis | Apothecarys Shrub Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa gallica Versicolor
Rosa gallica Versicolor | Rosa Mundi or Shrub Rose
£34.99 £20.99
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Gartenprinzessin Marie-José ('Korgehaque') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Gartenprinzessin Marie-José ('Korgehaque') (PBR) | Floribunda Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Ghislaine De Féligonde
Rosa Ghislaine De Féligonde | Rambling Rose
£37.99 £22.79
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Golden Wedding ('Arokris') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Golden Wedding ('Arokris') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Happy Anniversary ('Bedfranc')

40% off

Rosa Happy Anniversary ('Bedfranc') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£26.99 £16.19
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Happy Retirement ('Tantoras') (PBR)
Rosa Happy Retirement ('Tantoras') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Hot Chocolate ('Wekpaltez') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Hot Chocolate ('Wekpaltez') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£29.79 £17.87
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Iceberg ('Korbin')

40% off

Rosa Iceberg ('Korbin') | Floribunda Bush Rose
£26.99 £16.19
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0.75 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Königin von Dänemark

40% off

Rosa Königin von Dänemark | Shrub Rose
£43.99 £26.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Louise Odier

40% off

Rosa Louise Odier | Bourbon Bush Rose
£43.99 £26.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Madame Alfred Carrière

40% off

Rosa Madame Alfred Carrière | Climbing Rose
£37.99 £22.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0.25 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Madame Grégoire Staechelin

40% off

Rosa Madame Grégoire Staechelin | Climbing Hybrid Tea Rose
£37.99 £22.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0 star 0 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Maigold
Rosa Maigold | Climbing Rose
£36.99 £22.19
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Marchesa Boccella

40% off

Rosa Marchesa Boccella | Portland Rose
£34.99 £20.99
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Margaret Merril ('Harkuly')

40% off

Rosa Margaret Merril ('Harkuly') | Floribunda Bush Rose
£26.99 £16.19
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Meteor ('Korzeigar')
Rosa Meteor ('Korzeigar') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£25.99 £15.59
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Mokarosa ('Frywitty') (PBR)
Rosa Mokarosa ('Frywitty') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£34.99 £20.99
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Mum in a Million ('Poulren013') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Mum in a Million (Renaissance Series) ('Poulren013') (PBR) | Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa My Lovely Dad ('Fryniche') (PBR)
Rosa My Lovely Dad ('Fryniche') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£26.99 £16.19
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa My Lovely Mum ('Fryflorida')
Rosa My Lovely Mum ('Fryflorida') | Hybrid Tea Bush Rose
£26.99 £16.19
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa New Dawn
Rosa New Dawn | Climbing Rose
£29.99 £17.99
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Noisette Carnée
Rosa Noisette Carnée | Climbing Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Parkdirektor Riggers

40% off

Rosa Parkdirektor Riggers | Climbing Rose
£37.99 £22.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Paul's Himalayan Musk

40% off

Rosa Paul's Himalayan Musk | Rambling Rose
£37.99 £22.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0 star 0.75 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Paul's Scarlet Climber

40% off

Rosa Paul's Scarlet Climber | Rambling Rose
£37.99 £22.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Peace ('Madame A. Meilland')

40% off

Rosa Peace ('Madame A. Meilland') | Hybrid Tea Rose
£26.99 £16.19
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0.5 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Peach Melba ('Kormelpea') (PBR)
Rosa Peach Melba | Climbing Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Phyllis Bide

40% off

Rosa Phyllis Bide | Rambler Rose
£37.99 £22.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0.5 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Princesse Charlene de Monaco ('Meidysouk')
Rosa Princesse Charlene de Monaco ('Meidysouk') | Shrub Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Rachel ('Tangust') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Rachel ('Tangust') (PBR) | Hybrid Tea Bush Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Rambling Rector

40% off

Rosa Rambling Rector | Rambling Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0.75 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Reine des Violettes

40% off

Rosa Reine des Violettes | Thornless Shrub Rose
£43.99 £26.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Reine Victoria
Rosa Reine Victoria | Bourbon Bush Rose
£43.99 £26.39
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Remember Me ('Cocdestin') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Remember Me ('Cocdestin') (PBR) | Hybrid Tea Bush Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Rhapsody in Blue ('Frantasia') (PBR)
Rosa Rhapsody in Blue ('Frantasia') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£28.99 £17.39
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Roseraie de l'Haÿ

40% off

Rosa Roseraie de l'Haÿ | Shrub Rose
£43.99 £26.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Ruby Anniversary ('Harbonny') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Ruby Anniversary ('Harbonny') (PBR) | Patio Rose
£26.99 £16.19
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Ruby Romance ('Noa140715') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Ruby Romance ('Noa140715') (PBR) | Patio Rose
£89.99 £48.00
7.5 litre pot | standard In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa rugosa Alba

40% off

Rosa rugosa Alba | White Japanese Rose Hedging
£20.99 - £113.99
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
10 × bare root plants | 40 - 60cm tall available to order from autumn
20 + 10 FREE bare root | 40 - 60cm tall available to order from autumn
0.75 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa rugosa Rubra

40% off

Rosa rugosa Rubra | Japanese Rose Hedging
£20.99 - £113.99
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
10 × bare root plants | 40 - 60cm tall available to order from autumn
20 + 10 FREE bare root | 40 - 60cm tall available to order from autumn
0 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Scent from Heaven ('Chewbabaluv') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Scent from Heaven ('Chewbabaluv') (PBR) | Climbing Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Soul ('Tan09651') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Soul ('Tan09651') (PBR) | Modern Shrub Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Souvenir du Docteur Jamain

40% off

Rosa Souvenir du Docteur Jamain | Climbing Rose
£43.99 £26.39
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0 star 0.75 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Special Anniversary ('Whastiluc') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Special Anniversary ('Whastiluc') (PBR) | Hybrid Tea Rose
£26.99 £16.19
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
0.25 star 1 star 1 star 1 star 1 star
Rosa Summer Romance ('Kortekcho') (PBR)
Rosa Summer Romance ('Kortekcho') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£34.99 £20.99
4 litre pot available to order from autumn
Rosa Sunseeker ('Dicracer')

40% off

Rosa Sunseeker ('Dicracer') | Patio Rose
£89.99 £48.00
7.5 litre pot | standard In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Surrey ('Korlanum')

40% off

Rosa Surrey ('Korlanum') | Ground Cover Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Sweet Child of Mine

40% off

Rosa Sweet Child of Mine | Hybrid Tea Bush Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa Sweet Honey ('Kormecaso') (PBR)

40% off

Rosa Sweet Honey ('Kormecaso') (PBR) | Floribunda Bush Rose
£34.99 £20.99
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
Rosa The Fairy

40% off

Rosa The Fairy | Polyantha Shrub Rose
£32.99 £19.79
4 litre pot In stock (shipped within 2-3 working days)
< Prev 1 2 Next >

Copyright © Crocus.co.uk Ltd 2025. All rights reserved.